china stepping on the gas
400 km from EXR ground
https://www.rfa.org/english/comment...dowed-by-stalled-pipeline-06242019101235.html
After years of false starts and unexplained delays, China is still counting on completion of a new Central Asian gas pipeline by 2022 to meet its air quality goals.
The troubled cross-border gas project may be critical for China's plans to cut smog by reducing reliance on coal and boosting supplies of the cleaner-burning fuel.
But the lack of progress on the Central Asia project highlights China's growing dependence on oil and gas imports at a time of energy security threats in the Persian Gulf.
Last year, China's existing three pipelines from Central Asia delivered 46.9 billion cubic meters (1.6 trillion cubic feet) of gas, according to CNPC International Pipeline Co., an affiliate of state-owned China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC).
The volume fell short of the planned transit of 51.3 billion cubic meters (bcm), outlined last April by Kazakhstan's Asia Gas Pipeline LLP, apparently due to technical problems in Turkmenistan, China's main supplier.
Even with the shortfall, the three operating strands through Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan provided nearly 40 percent of China's total gas imports with the rest coming almost entirely by tanker in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
The pipeline deliveries have been in danger of bumping up against the 55-bcm capacity of the Central Asia-China Gas Pipeline (CAGP) system, prompting plans for a "Line D"project, first announced in 2013, to add 25-30 bcm per year.
Unlike the existing strands, Line D would follow a shorter but more difficult route through Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan to China's border, bypassing Kazakhstan for reasons that China has yet to explain.
China's gas flows suffered from a reported winter diversion in southern Kazakhstan in 2012. But energy-needy Kyrgyzstan had a far longer record of tapping transit gas from the Soviet-era Central Asia-Center (CAC) pipeline system, raising doubts about the utility of China's decision to clear an entirely new route.
From the first announcement, the Line D project has been subject to postponements, delays and revised start dates that have proved to be largely ceremonial.
Completion dates were first reported as 2016, then 2020 and now 2022.
Earlier this month, the Paris-based International Energy Agency (IEA) said in its annual medium-term global gas forecast that it "assumes that the Central Asia-China system's Line D between Turkmenistan and China will start operations in 2022 with a design capacity of up to 30 bcm (per year)."
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